Firefighters are expressing concerns over the challenges posed by intense and difficult-to-extinguish fires caused by lithium batteries in various locations, including e-bikes in residential settings in Toronto and Peterborough, Ontario, as well as large storage batteries at a solar farm in Prince Edward Island. The incidents have prompted restrictions on electric bikes and cars in certain buildings, public transport, and ferries, impacting individuals who depend on these modes of transportation. Moreover, the incidents have instilled hesitancy in some individuals regarding the adoption of electric vehicles.
This week marks Fire Prevention Week, with a focus on lithium batteries. Understanding the complexities of lithium battery fires and adopting preventive measures are crucial in mitigating risks associated with such incidents.
Lithium battery fires have been on the rise, with an estimated 1,500 fires attributed to lithium batteries in 600 communities across Canada last year, particularly affecting devices like e-bikes and e-scooters commonly found in homes. In contrast, fires involving electric vehicles and energy storage batteries are less common due to stringent testing and built-in safety mechanisms.
The root causes of lithium battery fires typically stem from internal short circuits due to wear and tear, physical damage, or overheating from improper charging practices. These fires pose unique dangers as they burn hotter and faster, undergo thermal runaway, generate their own oxygen, emit toxic substances, and have the potential to reignite even days after the initial fire.
Dealing with lithium battery fires requires specialized handling, as conventional firefighting methods like water application may not be effective in fully extinguishing the flames. Ensuring the use of certified batteries, proper charging procedures, and appropriate disposal methods are essential steps in reducing the risk of lithium battery fires.
Efforts to enhance awareness, training, and equipment for dealing with lithium battery incidents are imperative to effectively manage these challenging fires and safeguard against their hazardous consequences.